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Transcranial Doppler sonography: a new noninvasive method for measuring toxicant-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow

机译：经颅多普勒超声检查：一种新的无创方法，用于测量毒物引起的脑血流变化

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摘要

The purpose of this experiment was to use transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) in the dog to noninvasively measure changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) resulting from a low-level exposure to the commonly used pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. Deltamethrin has previously been shown to increase CBF in rats as determined by other techniques. In this experiment, deltamethrin was dissolved in glycerol-formal solvent and administered intravenously at dosage levels of 5% and 10% of the LD[subscript]50 value to 12 adult dogs 48 hours apart. It was expected that vascular changes resulting from these low-level deltamethrin exposures would be subtle and occur over several minutes (rather than beat-to-beat changes). To test this hypothesis, mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) in the middle cerebral artery, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in the aorta, end tidal CO[subscript]2 (pCO[subscript]2), mean heart rate (MHR) and concentration of deltamethrin in the blood were measured during control, glycerol-formal and exposure (deltamethrin in glycerol-formal) periods according to a randomized block factorial design. In addition to the aforementioned parameters, systolic-to-diastolic ratio (SDR), Pourcelout pulsatility index (PPI), Gosling pulsatility index (GPI) and systolic upstroke (SU) were calculated using the blood flow velocity waveform. Following the administration of deltamethrin, there was a significant increase in MBFV lasting 10 minutes post exposure, a significant increase in MAP and decrease in MHR lasting 20 minutes post exposure and a significant increase in pCO[subscript]2 lasting 30 minutes post exposure. The increase in MBFV was expected and corroborates the increase in CBF previously observed in rats. These changes indicate that the deltamethrin was having systemic effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. Further, this data agrees with circulating deltamethrin concentrations in the blood which peaked approximately 5 minutes post exposure. SDR, PPI and GPI returned to control levels following the administration of deltamethrin. TCD seems to have significant potential as a screening methodology, however, to date it has not been used with animals nor has it been applied in the field of toxicology. In this research, it has been shown that TCD is sensitive to alterations in CBF caused by deltamethrin in the greyhound dog. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
机译：本实验的目的是在狗中使用经颅多普勒超声检查（TCD），以无创方式测量由于低水平暴露于常用的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂溴氰菊酯而引起的脑血流（CBF）变化。如其他技术所确定，溴氰菊酯先前已显示可增加大鼠的CBF。在该实验中，将溴氰菊酯溶解在甘油-甲醛溶剂中，并以48％的LD [下标] 50值的5％和10％的剂量水平静脉内施用给12只成年狗。预期由于这些低水平溴氰菊酯暴露引起的血管变化将是微妙的，并且会在几分钟内发生（而不是逐次变化）。为了验证这一假设，大脑中动脉的平均血流速度（MBFV），主动脉中的平均动脉血压（MAP），潮气末CO [subscript] 2（pCO [subscript] 2），平均心率（MHR）根据随机分组因子设计，在对照，甘油形式和暴露时间（溴氰菊酯在甘油形式）中测量血液中溴氰菊酯的浓度和浓度。除了上述参数外，还使用血流速度波形计算了收缩压与舒张压比（SDR），Pourcelout搏动指数（PPI），Gosling搏动指数（GPI）和收缩期上冲（SU）。施用溴氰菊酯后，暴露后10分钟的MBFV显着增加，暴露后20分钟的MAP显着增加，MHR降低，暴露后30分钟的pCO [2]显着增加。 MBFV的增加是预期的，并证实了先前在大鼠中观察到的CBF的增加。这些变化表明溴氰菊酯对心血管和脑血管系统具有全身作用。另外，该数据与血液中循环的溴氰菊酯浓度一致，该浓度在暴露后约5分钟达到峰值。溴氰菊酯给药后，SDR，PPI和GPI恢复到控制水平。 TCD似乎具有作为筛选方法的巨大潜力，但是，迄今为止，它尚未与动物一起使用，也未在毒理学领域得到应用。在这项研究中，已经表明，TCD对灵缇犬中溴氰菊酯引起的CBF改变敏感。 （摘要经作者许可缩短。）

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  • 作者

    Drues, Michael Edward;

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  • 年度 1992
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  • 正文语种 en
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